Permaculture companion plants for Brussel Sprouts

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Name	Data	Description	Actions
Common bean	USDA Hardiness zone 2-11 Life cycle Annual Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 2.0 Layer Vines Utility Nitrogen fixer Edible True Edible parts Leaves, Seed, Seedpod Propagation method Seed - transplant, Seed - direct sow Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_vulgaris Alternate name Pole bean, Climbing bean, French bean, Bush bean, Dwarf bean, Kidney bean, Green bean Family Fabaceae, Leguminosae German name Stangenbohne Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Phaseolus vulgaris Germination temperature 16-18°c (70-80°f) Soil pH 6.0-6.8 Seed planting depth 2.5 cm Spacing 16cm Germination time 4-10 days Days to harvest 45-85 Growth Fast Dutch name Sperzieboon Native to Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panamá Introduced into Altay, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Assam, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Cameroon, Cayman Is., Central European Rus, Chad, Chita, Colombia, Comoros, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Haiti, Illinois, India, Iraq, Irkutsk, Jamaica, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Is., Leeward Is., Malaya, Marianas, Maryland, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, New York, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Senegal, South European Russi, Sri Lanka, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Wake I., West Himalaya, West Siberia, Yakutskiya, Zambia, Zaïre When to sow (indoors) 2-4 weeks before last frost When to sow (outdoors) 1 week after last frost, 12-14 weeks before first frost Seed viability 3-5 years Width 0.4 Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:514191-1	This entry describes all varieties of the common bean. This includes vining and bush/darf variaties and can have different names depending on their style of growths (see alternate names). These include the kidney bean, the navy bean, the pinto bean, the French bean and the wax bean The common bean, scientific name Phaseolus vulgaris, is a herbaceous annual plant native to the Americas, specifically the regions extending from the southwestern United States to South America. It is a member of the Fabaceae (legume) family. The common bean has a range of different appearances, depending on the variety. Most varieties have a simple, erect stem that grows to a height of 20-60 cm. The leaves are typically green and consist of 3-5 oblong leaflets. The flowers are small and white, pink, or purple in color. The fruit is a legume, which contains the seeds. The common bean is typically a small plant, but some varieties can grow to be quite large, reaching heights of up to 2 meters. The plant grows relatively quickly, with the growing season typically lasting between 60-100 days. The common bean prefers well-drained soil and full sun, but can also grow in partial shade. It is sensitive to frost and should be planted after the last frost date in the spring. To cultivate the common bean successfully, a grower may need to ensure that the soil is adequately fertilized and provide support for the plant to climb, if necessary. The common bean is edible, with the seeds and the young pods being the most commonly consumed parts. The seeds can be cooked and eaten as a protein-rich vegetable, and the young pods can be eaten as a green vegetable. The edible parts can be stored after harvest by drying the seeds or by preserving the young pods in vinegar or oil. The common bean has many uses beyond being a food source. The plant can fix nitrogen in the soil, improving its fertility and making it a useful companion plant for other crops. The dried leaves and stems of the common bean can be used as mulch or as a source of organic matter. In some cultures, the fibers from the stems are used to make ropes or other weaving materials. Additionally, the plant has been used medicinally to treat a variety of ailments. The common bean is also valuable for wildlife. The flowers attract bees and other pollinators, and the plant provides food for a variety of insects, birds, and small mammals. ### Links [Beans Seed Starting Tips @ Harvest to Table](https://harvesttotable.com/beans-seed-starting-tips/) ### Propagation - direct sow Direct-sow beans in spring after all danger of frost has passed and soil is at least 16°C (60°F). In warm-winter regions, sow beans in late summer for harvest in winter. Time sowing so that beans come to harvest before the first frost.	Show Edit
Broad Bean	USDA Hardiness zone 4-8 Light requirement Full sun, Partial sun/shade Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Soil pH 6.0-6.8 Height 1.0 Width 0.3 Life cycle Annual Growth Fast Spacing 20cm Propagation method Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant When to sow (outdoors) 6 weeks after sowing them in pots When to plant (transplant) 6 weeks after sowing them in pots Germination time 21 days Seed viability 3-5 years Utility Nitrogen fixer Edible parts Leaves, Seed Alternate name fava bean, faba bean, Broad bean, or faba bean Varieties with smaller, harder seeds that are fed to horses or other animals are called field bean, tic bean or tick bean Horse bean German name Ackerbohne Family Fabaceae or Leguminosae Native to Afghanistan, Iran Introduced into Albania, Algeria, Altay, Angola, Argentina South, Assam, Baleares, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Corse, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Ecuador, Ethiopia, France, Guatemala, India, Iraq, Italy, Jawa, Kenya, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Libya, Madeira, Mexico Southwest, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Pakistan, Peru, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tibet, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Uruguay, Vermont, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Yemen, Yugoslavia Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicia_faba Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Vicia faba major Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524737-1 Propagation - Direct sowing Feb-April; Oct-Nov Propagation - Transplanting sow in deep pots in cool, frost-free place	Broad bean (Vicia faba), also known as fava bean or faba bean, is a type of legume that is native to North Africa and the Middle East. It is a popular garden plant, known for its edible beans and attractive purple or white flowers. Broad bean plants have a upright, bushy growth habit and can reach a height of up to 3 feet. The leaves are large and composed of three oval-shaped leaflets, and the flowers are small and clustered in groups of two or three. The beans are produced in long, slender pods that contain two or three beans each. To grow broad beans successfully, it is important to choose a location with well-drained, fertile soil and full sun. The plants should be spaced about 8-12 inches apart, and watered regularly to ensure that the soil stays moist but not waterlogged. Broad beans are generally easy to grow and require little maintenance, but they can be susceptible to pests and diseases, such as aphids and fungal infections. Grows best in temperatures ranging from 60° to 65°F (15-18°C) but will tolerate a range from 40°F (4.4°C) - 75°F (24°C). Broad beans are edible, and the beans can be eaten fresh or frozen, canned or dried for storage. To harvest the beans, the pods should be picked when they are plump and before the beans inside begin to harden. The beans can be removed from the pods by gently squeezing them out. Fresh beans can be stored in the refrigerator for a few days, while dried beans can be stored in an airtight container for several months. In addition to their culinary uses, broad beans also have a number of medicinal properties, and have been used to treat a variety of ailments, including asthma, bronchitis, and anemia. Broad beans are also a valuable food source for many types of wildlife, including birds, insects, and small mammals. The plants provide nectar for bees and other pollinators, and the beans are a popular food for many species of birds.	Show Edit
Runner Bean	USDA Hardiness zone 1-12 Life cycle Annual, Perennial Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 3.0 Edible true Edible parts Flowers, Leaves, Root, Seed, Seedpod Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_coccineus Growth Fast Alternate name Scarlet runner, scarlet runner bean, scarlet conqueror, fire bean, mammoth, red giant phaseolus coccineus ssppolyanthus (cache bean) Family Fabaceae or leguminosae Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Phaseolus coccineus Native to Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panamá Introduced into Alabama, Amur, Assam, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bulgaria, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Czechoslovakia, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Ethiopia, India, Inner Mongolia, Jawa, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Manchuria, Nepal, New Guinea, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Pakistan, Primorye, Rwanda, South European Russi, Tanzania, Transcaucasus, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Wake I., West Himalaya Seed viability 3-5 years Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513754-1		Show Edit
Beet	USDA Hardiness zone 4-8 Life cycle Biennial Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Leaves Deciduous Height 0.9 Edible True Edible parts Leaves, Root Propagation method Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant When to plant (transplant) 2 weeks before last frost Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/beta_vulgaris Family Chenopodiaceae German name Rübe Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/user/plant.aspx?latinname=beta vulgaris craca Soil pH 6.0-6.8 Germination temperature 10°c (50°f) Germination time 5-12 days Seed planting depth 1.5 cm Spacing 20cm Days to maturity 45-65 Alternate name Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Conditiva Group, beetroot When to sow (indoors) 6-8 weeks before last frost When to sow (outdoors) 2-3 weeks before last frost, 6-8 weeks before the first frost Seed viability 2-3 years Width 0.25	Beet (Beta vulgaris vulgaris), also known as garden beet, red beet, or table beet, is a plant that is native to the Mediterranean region. It is a biennial plant that typically grows to a height of 0.5-1.5 feet and has dark green leaves that are long and rounded, with a smooth or slightly hairy texture. The stem is usually light green in color, and the plant produces small, white or yellow flowers. Beet plants grow best in well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter, and they prefer full sun to partial shade. To cultivate beets successfully, a grower will need to keep the soil moist and weed-free, and may need to thin the plants to allow for proper growth. Beets are edible, and the most commonly eaten part of the plant is the root, which is typically red or purple in color. The leaves of the plant can also be eaten, and are often used in salads. Beets can be stored after harvest by washing and trimming the roots, and then storing them in a cool, dark place. Beets have a number of uses, both culinary and non-culinary. In the kitchen, beets can be cooked in a variety of ways, including boiling, roasting, and grilling. They can also be used to add color and flavor to salads, soups, and stews. In addition to their culinary uses, beets have a number of medicinal properties and have been used to treat a variety of ailments, including indigestion, constipation, and inflammation. Beets are also valuable for their ability to improve soil fertility, as their leaves and roots contain high levels of nitrogen and other nutrients. They can be used as a natural fertilizer, and can also be used as a mulch or as a ground cover to help control weeds. Beets are not particularly attractive to wildlife, but they can provide food for a variety of animals, including deer, rabbits, and birds. Overall, beets are a versatile and valuable plant that is widely cultivated by gardeners and farmers for their edible roots and leaves, as well as for their potential uses in medicine and agriculture. ### Links [How to Grow Beets @ Harvest to Table](https://harvesttotable.com/how_to_grow_beets/)	Show Edit
Borage	USDA Hardiness zone 6-9 Life cycle Annual Light requirement Full sun, Partial sun/shade Water requirement Dry, Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 0.6 Layer Herbs Edible parts Flowers, Leaves Propagation method Seed - direct sow Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borage Growth Medium Alternate name Common borage, Cool-tankard, Tailwort, Starflower Family Boraginaceae German name Borretsch Spacing 60cm Germination time 5-15 days Germination temperature 21°c (70°f) Edible uses Oil Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Borago officinalis Genus Borago When to start indoors (weeks) 5 When to start outdoors (weeks) -2 Native to Algeria, Baleares, Corse, France, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Libya, Morocco, Portugal, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Tunisia, Yugoslavia Introduced into Alaska, Alberta, Altay, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Austria, Azores, Baltic States, Belgium, Bolivia, British Columbia, Buryatiya, California, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Chile Central, Colombia, Connecticut, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Ecuador, Germany, Great Britain, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Illinois, Irkutsk, Jawa, Kamchatka, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Krym, Kuril Is., Lebanon-Syria, Madeira, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Netherlands, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, South European Russi, Switzerland, Tasmania, Tubuai Is., Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Siberia, West Virginia, Wisconsin When to sow (outdoors) At last frost Width 0.3 Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113618-1	Borage, also known as Borago officinalis, is a herb native to the Mediterranean region. It is a hairy, annual herb that grows to a height of about 60 cm, with blue, star-shaped flowers and large hairy leaves. The plant is easily differentiated from similar plants by its hairy stems and leaves, and its bright blue flowers. Borage prefers well-drained soil and full sun, and grows best in warm temperatures. It is a fast-growing plant, and can be easily cultivated by direct sowing or transplanting seedlings. Borage is not winter hardy, and should be grown as an annual in most climates. The leaves and flowers of borage are edible, and can be used in salads, soups, and other dishes. The leaves have a cucumber-like flavor, while the flowers are slightly sweet. The edible parts of the plant can be stored by freezing or drying. Borage has several medicinal uses, and has been used traditionally to treat a variety of ailments, including respiratory problems, skin irritation, and anxiety. It is also a good source of nutrients, including calcium, potassium, and vitamin C. In addition to its medicinal uses, borage has value as a companion plant in the garden. It attracts pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, and can be used as a natural pest deterrent. #### Propagation Direct sow early spring when temperatures reach 21°C (70°F). Best sown directly, as borage develops a delicate taproot. #### Links [Borage @ West Coast Seeds](https://www.westcoastseeds.com/products/borage)	Show Edit
Coriander	USDA Hardiness zone 2-11 Light requirement Full sun, Partial sun/shade Water requirement Dry, Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium Height 0.5 Width 0.66 Life cycle Annual Layer Herbs Spacing 5cm Germination time 5-10 days Germination temperature 15°C (60°F) Days to maturity 45-60 Utility Repels aphids, Repels potato beetles, Repels spider mites Edible parts Leaves, Seed Edible uses Oil Alternate name Cilantro, chinese parsley, dhania German name Koriander Family Apiaceae or Umbelliferae Native to Afghanistan, Iran, Lebanon-Syria, North Caucasus, Pakistan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sinai, Transcaucasus, Turkey Introduced into Algeria, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Assam, Austria, Azores, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Borneo, Brazil South, Bulgaria, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central European Rus, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Hungary, Illinois, India, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kazakhstan, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Korea, Kriti, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Louisiana, Madeira, Malaya, Maluku, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Northwest, Michigan, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Nevada, New Guinea, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Nicobar Is., Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Québec, Rhode I., Rodrigues, Romania, Réunion, Sicilia, Somalia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Texas, Thailand, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Siberia, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriander Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Coriandrum sativum Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:840760-1	Coriander, also known as cilantro or Chinese parsley, is a plant native to the Mediterranean region and western Asia. The plant has delicate, fern-like leaves and small, white or pale pink flowers. It grows to a height of about one to three feet, and matures fairly quickly, generally within three to four months. Coriander can be differentiated from similar plants by its distinctive, fragrant leaves and small, white or pale pink flowers. The plant prefers well-drained soil and full sun, and grows best when watered regularly. It is not winter hardy and should be grown as an annual in most regions. Coriander is often used as a culinary herb, and the leaves and seeds of the plant are both edible. The leaves have a distinctive, fragrant flavor and can be used fresh or dried in a variety of dishes. The seeds, which are often ground into a powder, have a warm, spicy flavor and are used in many curries and spice blends. In addition to its culinary uses, coriander has a number of other uses. The plant is said to have medicinal properties, and has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. It is also often used as a natural insect repellent, and some gardeners plant it near other crops to keep pests at bay. The plant is also valued by wildlife, and is a popular source of nectar for bees and other pollinators. ### Propagation - Direct sowing Direct sow in early spring after risk of frost. ### Propagation - Transplanting Avoid transplanting, as cilantro is quick to bolt under any stress. #### Links [Coriander @ West Coast Seeds](https://www.westcoastseeds.com/products/santo-organic)	Show Edit
Cucumber	USDA Hardiness zone 9-11 Life cycle Annual Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 2 Layer Vines Edible parts Fruit, Leaves Propagation method Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant When to plant (transplant) 1 week after last frost Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumber Family Cucurbitaceae German name Gurke Days to maturity 50-65 Spacing 23cm Soil pH 6.0-6.8 Germination temperature 15-30°C (60-85°F) Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cucumis sativus Medicinal True Medicinal parts Fruit Native to Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, West Himalaya Introduced into Alabama, Albania, Andaman Is., Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Bahamas, Bolivia, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Florida, Georgia, Gulf of Guinea Is., Haiti, Illinois, India, Jamaica, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Korea, Laos, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Marianas, Marshall Is., Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Caledonia, New York, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, Ohio, Oman, Ontario, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Pitcairn Is., Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Tadzhikistan, Trinidad-Tobago, Turkmenistan, Utah, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virginia, Windward Is., Zaïre When to sow (indoors) 2-3 weeks before last frost When to sow (outdoors) 1 week after last frost Width 0.9 Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:292296-1	Cucumber, scientific name Cucumis sativus, is a member of the gourd family. It is native to India and other parts of Asia. Cucumber is a trailing or climbing plant that grows to a height of 5-10 feet. The leaves are dark green and glossy, and the plant produces yellow flowers. The fruit of the cucumber plant is a long, green, edible vegetable with a thin skin. Cucumbers are typically about 6-9 inches long and 2-3 inches in diameter. In terms of growth and cultivation, cucumber plants prefer warm, sunny conditions and well-draining soil. They should be watered regularly, especially during dry periods. Cucumber plants are not winter hardy and should be grown in the summer months in most climates. To cultivate cucumbers successfully, it is important to provide them with adequate space to grow and to support the plants with trellises or other means to keep the fruits off the ground. The plant will develop male and female flowers. You can recognize the female by having a tiny cucumber underneath. Sometimes the plant develops a lot of male flowers first, so be patient. If you don’t see any bees pollinating. Take a male and put it on all the female flowers. Cucumber fruits are edible and can be eaten raw, pickled, or cooked. The skin and seeds of the cucumber are edible, but some people choose to remove the seeds before eating the fruit. Cucumber fruits can be stored in the refrigerator for a few days after harvest. Cucumbers have several uses. In addition to being eaten as a vegetable, they can also be used in a variety of dishes and salads. Cucumber slices are often used as a garnish or as a refreshing addition to beverages. Cucumbers are also commonly used in natural skin care products and are believed to have anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. #### Propagation Direct sow when soil is warm enough in early summer. Sow seeds individually indoors 3-4 weeks before planting outside into warm soil. Use bottom heat if possible. Transplant when plants develop third leaf. #### Medicinal Fruit is depurative, diuretic, emollient, purgative and resolvent #### Links [Cucumber @ West Coast Seeds](https://www.westcoastseeds.com/products/patio-snacker)	Show Edit
Dill	USDA Hardiness zone 2-11 Life cycle Annual Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium Height 0.8 Layer Herbs Edible true Edible parts Leaves, Seed Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dill Growth Medium Family Apiaceae or umbelliferae German name Dill Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Anethum graveolens Native to Algeria, Chad, Cyprus, Gulf States, Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia Introduced into Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Alberta, Altay, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, British Columbia, Bulgaria, California, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Cayman Is., Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Ghana, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Hungary, Illinois, India, Indiana, Iowa, Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Kriti, Krym, Laos, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Madeira, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Mozambique, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, New Jersey, New York, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northwest European R, Norway, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Pennsylvania, Peru, Portugal, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, Somalia, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Texas, Thailand, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Virginia, Wake I., Washington, West Virginia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Yugoslavia Spacing 15cm x 30cm Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:837530-1	Dill (Anethum graveolens) is a plant native to the eastern Mediterranean region and West Asia. It is an annual herb that grows to a height of about 1-2 feet and has delicate, feathery leaves. The plant has small yellow flowers that bloom in the summer. Dill is a popular herb in many cuisines, especially in European and Middle Eastern dishes. It is used to flavor soups, stews, fish, and pickles. The leaves and seeds of dill are both edible and can be used fresh or dried. The seeds have a more pungent flavor than the leaves and are often used in pickling. Dill can be stored by drying or freezing the leaves and seeds. Dill prefers full sun and well-drained soil. It is easy to grow and can be started from seed or from transplants. Dill is not winter hardy and will die off in the winter. In addition to its culinary uses, dill has been used medicinally to aid in digestion and to reduce inflammation. It has also been used as a natural insect repellent. The plant is attractive to many types of beneficial insects, making it a valuable addition to any garden.	Show Edit
Pot marigold	USDA Hardiness zone 2-11 Light requirement Full sun, Partial sun/shade Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Soil pH 5.5-7.0 Height 0.6 Width 0.3 Life cycle Annual Growth Medium Spacing 15cm Germination time 6-14 days Germination temperature 21°c (70°f) Days to maturity 60 Utility Repels nematodes Edible parts Flowers, Leaves, Seed Alternate name Calendula, Common marigold, Scotch marigold, Ruddles German name Ringelblume Family Asteraceae or compositae Native to Spain Introduced into Afghanistan, Albania, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Assam, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Borneo, British Columbia, Bulgaria, California, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Connecticut, Cook Is., Corse, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Hainan, Honduras, Hungary, India, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kazakhstan, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Madeira, Maine, Malaya, Manchuria, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mexico Southeast, Michigan, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, New Hampshire, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Pakistan, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, South Australia, South European Russi, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tasmania, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Victoria, Vietnam, Washington, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Xinjiang, Yugoslavia Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendula_officinalis Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Calendula officinalis Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:187894-1 1000 Seed Weight (g) 4.6	The pot marigold, also known as Calendula officinalis, is a flowering plant probably native to southwestern Asia, western Europe, and the Mediterranean region, however, its long cultivation history makes its precise origin unknown. It is a herbaceous annual plant that typically grows to be about 12-18 inches tall, with hairy stems and leaves. The leaves are lance-shaped, with a hairy surface, and the flowers can range in colour from white through yellow and orange to red and even pink. In terms of growing conditions, the pot marigold prefers well-drained soil and full sun, although it can tolerate partial shade. It is winter hardy, but may not flower as profusely in colder climates. To cultivate it successfully, a grower should plant pot marigold seeds directly in the ground after the last frost of the season. The pot marigold has a number of uses, both culinary and medicinal. The flowers are edible and can be used to add color and flavor to salads and other dishes. The petals can also be dried and used to make tea. In terms of medicinal uses, the plant has been used for centuries to treat a variety of ailments, including wounds, infections, and skin irritation. The pot marigold is also attractive to a variety of pollinators, making it a valuable plant for attracting beneficial insects to the garden. Overall, the pot marigold is a versatile and easy-to-grow plant that is well-suited to a variety of garden settings. ### Propagation - Direct sow Direct sow in spring when light frost is still possible. Can be sown until early summer for fall blooms. ### Propagation - Transplant Sow indoors in late winter, transplant outside when risk of heavy frost has passed. #### Links [Calendula @ West Coast Seeds](https://www.westcoastseeds.com/products/zeolights-organic)	Show Edit
Marjoram	USDA Hardiness zone 6-9 Life cycle Perennial Light requirement Full sun, Partial sun/shade Water requirement Dry, Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 0.6 Layer Herbs Edible true Edible parts Leaves Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjoram Family Lamiaceae or labiatae German name Majoran Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Origanum majorana Native to Cyprus, Turkey Introduced into Algeria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Great Britain, Greece, India, Italy, Juan Fernández Is., Krym, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, Ukraine, Venezuela, Yugoslavia Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:453303-1	Marjoram (Origanum majorana) is a herbaceous plant that is native to the Mediterranean region. It has delicate, oval-shaped leaves that are pale green in color, and small white or pink flowers that grow in clusters. The plant grows to a height of about 30 cm and has a woody stem. In terms of growing conditions, marjoram prefers well-drained, light soil and full sun to partial shade. It can be grown from seeds or cuttings, and should be spaced about 30 cm apart. Marjoram is winter hardy in mild climates, but may need to be protected or brought indoors in colder regions. Marjoram has a number of culinary uses. It is often used as a flavoring in soups, stews, and sauces, and can be added to salads and other dishes as a garnish. The leaves and flowers of the plant are edible and can be used fresh or dried. When harvesting marjoram, it is best to pick the leaves early in the morning when they are at their most flavorful. The leaves can be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dark place for up to six months. In addition to its culinary uses, marjoram has also been used medicinally as an antiseptic and as a remedy for digestive problems. It is also sometimes used in perfumes and soaps. Marjoram is not particularly attractive to wildlife, but it can provide habitat for some beneficial insects such as bees and butterflies.	Show Edit
Potato	USDA Hardiness zone 3-10 Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 1.0 Width 0.5 Life cycle Perennial Spacing 12 inches Propagation method Seed - direct sow When to sow (outdoors) April Edible parts Root Alternate name Irish potato, Andigena German name Kartoffel Family Solanaceae Native to Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Bolivia, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela Introduced into Assam, Bangladesh, Belgium, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, East Himalaya, France, Great Britain, Haiti, Hawaii, Illinois, India, Ireland, Laos, Maryland, Minnesota, New York, South European Russi, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zaïre Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Solanum tuberosum Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:821337-1	Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a herbaceous perennial plant that is native to the Andean region of South America. It is a member of the nightshade family (Solanaceae) and is closely related to other nightshades such as tomatoes, eggplants, and bell peppers. The potato plant has a bushy growth habit and can grow to heights of 30-150 cm depending on the variety. The leaves are large, heart-shaped, and alternate along the stem. The flowers are white or purple and have five petals. The plant produces small green berries that contain numerous seeds, but most varieties of potatoes are propagated vegetatively from tubers rather than from seeds. The edible part of the potato plant is the tuber, which is an underground stem that is modified for food storage. Potatoes come in a wide range of shapes, sizes, and colors including white, yellow, red, and purple. The size and shape of the tuber depends on the variety, with some varieties producing small, round tubers and others producing large, elongated tubers. Potatoes grow best in well-draining, fertile soils in a sunny location with a pH of 4.5-6.0. They require regular watering and should be planted in a location with good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases. Potatoes are typically planted from tubers that have been treated with a fungicide to prevent disease and are spaced 25-30 cm apart in rows that are 75-90 cm apart. The tubers will begin to form in the soil around 6-8 weeks after planting and can be harvested when they reach the desired size. Potatoes are a versatile and nutritious food source that is rich in vitamins, minerals, and fiber. The tubers are eaten cooked, baked, fried, or mashed, and the leaves and flowers of the plant can also be eaten. Potatoes can be stored in a cool, dry, and dark place for several months. Potatoes have a number of uses beyond their value as a food source. The tubers can be used as seed potatoes for planting, and the leaves and stems can be used as a natural insecticide or as mulch in the garden. In some parts of the world, potatoes are also used for their medicinal properties. Potatoes are a valuable food source for a variety of wildlife, including deer, rabbits, and squirrels. The flowers of the potato plant are also a source of nectar for bees and other pollinators.	Show Edit
Strawberry	USDA Hardiness zone 4-8 Life cycle Perennial Light requirement Full sun, Partial sun/shade Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 0.3 Layer Herbs Utility Ground cover Edible True Edible parts Fruit, Leaves Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry Family Rosaceae German name Erdbeere Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Fragaria x ananassa Dutch name Aardbei Danish name Jordbær Native to British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington Introduced into Albania, Baltic States, Belarus, Central European Rus, Denmark, East European Russia, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Guatemala, Honduras, Illinois, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, New York, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Pitcairn Is., South European Russi, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Vermont Width 0.3 Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30117681-2	Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is a popular fruit-bearing plant that is native to parts of the Americas, Europe, and Asia. It is a member of the Rosaceae family and is closely related to other fruit-bearing plants such as raspberries and blackberries. The plant has a low-growing, spreading habit, with leaves that are typically green and glossy, and white flowers that give way to red, juicy berries. The fruits are edible and are often eaten fresh, used in jams and jellies, or baked in desserts. Strawberry plants prefer well-draining, moist soil and plenty of sunlight. They can be grown in a variety of climates, but they tend to thrive in temperate regions with cool summers and mild winters. To cultivate the plants successfully, a grower may need to provide adequate irrigation, fertilizer, and pest control. One of the distinctive features of strawberry plants is their runners, which are long, slender stems that grow horizontally along the ground. These runners can be used to propagate new plants, which can be grown in rows or beds to form a dense, ground-covering mat. In addition to their value as a food source, strawberry plants are also prized for their attractiveness to pollinators and other beneficial insects. They are often used in home gardens and on small farms as a way to attract bees, butterflies, and other insects that help to pollinate other plants. Overall, strawberries are a versatile and valuable plant that is prized by gardeners and farmers alike for their delicious fruit and their ability to attract wildlife.	Show Edit
Maximilian Sunflower	USDA Hardiness zone 4-10 Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 2.4 Width 1.3 Life cycle Perennial Growth Medium Edible true Edible parts Root Alternate name Maximillian daisy Family Asteraceae or compositae Native to Alabama, Alberta, Arkansas, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Northeast, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Québec, Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helianthus_maximiliani Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329260-2	#### Links [Maximilian Sunflower @ Plants For A Future](https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Helianthus maximilianii)	Show Edit
Common Sunflower	Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helianthus_annuus Edible true Growth Fast Water requirement Dry, Moist Light requirement Full sun, Partial sun/shade USDA Hardiness zone 6-9 Alternate name Common sunflower Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Family Asteraceae or compositae Height 3.0 Edible parts Flowers, Seed, Stem Edible uses Oil Warning Weed potential Life cycle Annual Plants For A Future https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Helianthus annuus Native to Arizona, California, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Nevada Introduced into Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Altay, Amur, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Botswana, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Central European Rus, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, East Himalaya, El Salvador, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Libya, Louisiana, Magadan, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Morocco, Namibia, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:119003-2		Show Edit
Chamomile	USDA Hardiness zone 5-9 Light requirement Full sun Water requirement Dry, Moist Soil type Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay) Height 0.5 Width 0.05 Life cycle Annual Layer Herbs When to plant (transplant) at last frost date Germination time 1 week Alternate name Matricaria recutita - L., German chamomile, wild chamomile German name Kamille Family Asteraceae or Compositae Native to Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Austria, Azores, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Canary Is., Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Irkutsk, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Manchuria, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Northwest European R, Norway, Pakistan, Palestine, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, Sinai, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Tuva, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia Introduced into Alabama, Alberta, Arizona, Arkansas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bolivia, British Columbia, California, Colombia, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Great Britain, Greenland, Guatemala, Gulf States, Honduras, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Ireland, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kansas, Kentucky, Magadan, Maine, Mali, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Southeast, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New South Wales, New York, Newfoundland, Nicaragua, North Dakota, North European Russi, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Primorye, Québec, Rhode I., Saskatchewan, South Australia, Tennessee, Texas, Tunisia, Uruguay, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matricaria_chamomilla Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:154715-2 Propagation - Direct sowing Direct sow in autumn or shortly before latest date of frost Propagation - Transplanting Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before last frost date	Chamomile is a plant native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. It has a small, daisy-like flower with white petals and a yellow center. The leaves are thin and feathery, and the stem is thin and wiry. Chamomile grows to be about 12-24 inches tall and spreads to about 16-20 inches wide. It grows quickly, producing flowers within a few weeks of germination. Chamomile prefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It is a hardy plant and can tolerate drought and frost. To cultivate chamomile successfully, it is important to keep the soil moist and well-watered, especially during hot weather. Needs light to germinate. The flowers and leaves of chamomile are edible and can be used in a variety of dishes, including teas and salads. The flowers can also be dried and stored for later use. Chamomile has a number of medicinal properties and has been used to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety, insomnia, and digestive issues. It is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In addition to its medicinal uses, chamomile can also be used as a ground cover or as a companion plant in gardens. It can help to repel pests and improve the health of nearby plants. Chamomile is also valued by bees and other pollinators, making it an important plant for maintaining biodiversity in gardens and agricultural areas. #### Links [Chamomile @ Plants For A Future](https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Matricaria recutita)	Show Edit