Cichorium intybus

Growth conditions
USDA Hardiness zone	3-7 Learn more
Light requirement	Full sun
Water requirement	Moist
Soil type	Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay)
Soil pH	5.5-7.0
Drought resistant	True
Physical characteristics
Leaves	Deciduous
Height	1.5m
Root type	Tap
Root depth	3m
Cultivation details
Life cycle	Perennial
Layer	Herbs
Growth	Fast
Spacing	30cm
Propagation method	Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant, Division
Germination time	7-21 days
Germination temperature	5-30°C
Days to maturity	40 (leaves), 120 (roots)
When to plant (division)	late fall, early spring
Uses
Utility	Biomass, Compost, Dynamic accumulator
Edible	true
Edible parts	Flowers, Leaves, Root
Edible uses	Coffee
Warning	Weed potential
Names
Alternate name	Radicchio, Succory, Witloof, Blue daisy, Blue dandelion, Blue sailors, Blue weed, Bunk, Coffeeweed, Cornflower, Hendibeh, Horseweed, Ragged sailors, Succory, Wild bachelor's buttons, Wild endive (note: "cornflower" is commonly applied to centaurea cyanus) common names for varieties of var foliosum include endive, Radicchio, Belgian endive, French endive, Red endive, Sugarloaf, witloof, Witlof
Taxonomy
Family	Asteraceae
Origin and spread
Native to	Europe, Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cape Verde, Central European Rus, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, Sinai, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, Yugoslavia
Introduced into	Alabama, Alberta, Altay, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Buryatiya, California, Cambodia, Cape Provinces, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colorado, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Florida, Free State, French Guiana, Georgia, Great Britain, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Guyana, Hainan, Honduras, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Ireland, Irkutsk, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kansas, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Labrador, Laos, Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Maine, Malaya, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Myanmar, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Philippines, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Réunion, Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Uruguay, Utah, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yemen, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Links
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