All lists

Food forest at The Rut

	Type	Edible	Edible parts	Growth	Layer	Light requirement	Nitrogen Fixing	Propagation method	USDA Hardiness zone	Utility	When to sow (indoors)	When to sow (outdoors)
American Plum Prunus americana	Species	✔️	Fruit, Seed	Medium	Understory	Full sun, Partial sun/shade	No		3-8	Crafting, Disinfectant, Dye, Rootstock, Erosion control, Lumber, Espalier
American Vetch Vicia americana	Species	✔️	Leaves, Seed, Seedpod, Shoots			Full sun, Partial sun/shade			4-7	Weaving material, Dynamic accumulator, Nitrogen fixer
Anethum graveolens Anethum graveolens	Species	✔️	Leaves, Seed	Medium	Herbs	Full sun			2-11	Essential Oil, Pest control, Fragrance
Artemisia dracunculus Artemisia dracunculus	Species	✔️	Leaves, Shoots	Medium		Full sun, Partial sun/shade			5-8	Essential Oil, Fragrance
Asparagus Asparagus officinalis	Species	✔️	Shoots, Stem	Slow	Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade		Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant, Division	2-9	Pest control	16 weeks before last frost date
Basil Ocimum basilicum	Species	✔️	Leaves, Seed	Fast	Herbs	Full sun		Seed - direct sow	5-10	Essential Oil, Strewing, Fragrance		After last frost date
Bergamot Monarda didyma	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Shoots	Medium	Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade		Seed - transplant, Seed - direct sow, Division	4-10	Companion, Essential Oil, Fragrance	6-8 weeks before last frost	early spring - 8 weeks before first frost
Black elderberry Sambucus nigra	Species	✔️	Flowers, Fruit	Fast	Understory	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			5-7	Compost, Cosmetic, Dye, antifungal, Hedgerow, Pest control, Litmus, Microscope, Crafting, Pioneer, Poles, Lumber, Fragrance
Bleeding Heart Dicentra spectabilis	Species	✔️	Leaves	Medium		Full sun, Partial sun/shade			3-9
Blue Lupin Lupinus angustifolius	Species	✔️	Seed		Herbs	Full sun		Seed - direct sow	7-9	Cover crop, Dynamic accumulator, Nitrogen fixer		8 weeks before last frost date
Chamomile Matricaria chamomilla	Species				Herbs	Full sun			5-9
Checkerberry Gaultheria procumbens	Species	✔️	Fruit, Leaves	Medium	Shrubs	Partial sun/shade, Full shade			3-6	Essential Oil, Dynamic accumulator, Ground cover, Fragrance
Chives Allium schoenoprasum	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Root	Medium	Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade		Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant, Division	3-12	antifungal, Dynamic accumulator, Ground cover, Fragrance		4-6 weeks before last frost
Comfrey Symphytum officinale	Species	✔️	Leaves	Fast	Ground cover	Full sun, Partial sun/shade	No		4-8
Common Ginger Zingiber officinale	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Root, Shoots	Fast		Full sun, Partial sun/shade			8-12	Cosmetic, Essential Oil, oil
Common Grape Vine Vitis vinifera	Species	True	Flowers, Fruit, Leaves, Seed	Fast	Vines	Full sun, Partial sun/shade		Seed - direct sow, Cuttings	6-10
Coriandrum sativum Coriandrum sativum	Species	✔️	Leaves, Seed		Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			2-11	Essential Oil, Fire starter, antifungal, Pest control, oil, Fragrance
Currant Bush Scaevola spinescens	Species	✔️	Fruit		Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade
Daucus carota Daucus carota	Species	✔️	Flowers, Root	Medium		Full sun			4-8	Cosmetic, Essential Oil, Dynamic accumulator, Fragrance
Echinacea Echinacea purpurea	Species	✔️	Leaves	Medium		Full sun			3-10
Flax Linum usitatissimum	Species	✔️	Seed			Full sun			4-8	Biomass, Fiber, Gum, textiles, oil, Dynamic accumulator
Garlic Allium sativum	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Root, Seed		Herbs	Full sun		Seed - direct sow	3-10	Adhesive, antifungal, Dynamic accumulator		Late autumn, Early spring
Globe Artichoke Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Stem			Full sun		Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant, Division, Cuttings	7-11
Golden Evergreen Raspberry Rubus ellipticus	Species	✔️	Fruit		Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade, Full shade		Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant, Cuttings	7-10	Dye, Erosion control
Ground Cherry Physalis lanceolata	Species	✔️	Fruit			Full sun, Partial sun/shade
Haskap Lonicera caerulea	Species	✔️	Fruit	Fast	Shrubs	Full sun			3-9	Attracts insects, Hedgerow, Poultry forage
Ipomoea batatas Ipomoea batatas	Species	✔️	Leaves, Root, Shoots	Fast	Vines	Full sun			10-12	Biomass, Fire starter, Ground cover
Lavender Lavandula angustifolia	Species	✔️	Flowers	Slow	Shrubs	Full sun	No		5-8	Companion, Essential Oil, Hedgerow, Fragrance
Lemon Verbena Aloysia citrodora	Species	True	Leaves	Medium	Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			7-10
Lemon balm Melissa officinalis	Species	✔️	Leaves	Fast	Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade	No		4-8	Essential Oil, Fragrance, Dynamic accumulator
Lilac Syringa vulgaris	Species	✔️	Flowers	Medium	Shrubs	Full sun			3-7	Dye, Essential Oil, Hedgerow, Rootstock, Fragrance
Loofah Luffa aegyptiaca	Species	✔️	Flowers, Fruit, Leaves, Seed, Shoots	Fast	Vines	Full sun			10-12	oil, Scourer
Lupinus albus Lupinus albus	Species	✔️	Seed		Herbs	Full sun				Cosmetic, Fiber, Cover crop, oil, Dynamic accumulator, Nitrogen fixer
Apple "MacIntosh" Malus domestica	Variety	True	Fruit		Trees	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			3-8	Animal feed, Attracts insects, Hedgerow
Mentha x villosa alopecuroides Mentha x villosa alopecuroides	Species	✔️	Leaves			Full sun, Partial sun/shade			4-8	Essential Oil, Strewing, Fragrance
Nasturtium Tropaeolum majus	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Seed, Seedpod	Fast	Ground cover, Herbs	Full sun		Seed - direct sow, Seed - transplant	6-11	Pest control, oil, Fragrance	2-4 weeks before last frost	1 week after last frost - late spring
New Jersey Tea Ceanothus americanus	Species			Fast	Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade	Yes		4-9	Dye, Soap, Nitrogen fixer
New Jersey blueberry Vaccinium caesariense	Species	✔️	Fruit		Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade
Northern Bayberry Myrica pensylvanica	Species	✔️	Fruit		Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			2-9	Dye, Hedgerow, Wax, Nitrogen fixer
Northern Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum	Species	✔️	Fruit, Leaves	Medium	Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			3-8	Animal feed, Attracts insects, Hedgerow, Wildlife habitat
Origanum vulgare Origanum vulgare	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Stem	Medium	Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			4-10	Dye, Essential Oil, Pest control, Strewing, Dynamic accumulator, Ground cover, Fragrance
Oxalis violacea Oxalis violacea	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Root		Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			4-8
Parsley Petroselinum crispum	Species	✔️	Leaves	Medium	Herbs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			5-8	Essential Oil, Hair, Dynamic accumulator, Fragrance
Passion Flower Passiflora incarnata	Species	✔️	Flowers, Fruit, Leaves	Fast	Vines	Full sun			7-11
Potato Solanum tuberosum	Species	✔️	Root			Full sun		Seed - direct sow	3-10	Alcohol, Biomass, Cleanser, Cosmetic, Polish, Starch		April
Red raspberry Rubus idaeus	Species	✔️	Fruit, Root, Shoots, Stem	Medium	Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			3-8	Cosmetic, Dye, textiles
Rosemary Salvia rosmarinus	Species	✔️	Leaves	Medium	Herbs	Full sun			6-11	Attracts insects, Hedgerow
Sage Salvia officinalis	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves	Medium	Herbs	Full sun			3-11	Compost, Essential Oil, Strewing, Teeth, Dynamic accumulator, Ground cover, Fragrance
Solanum melongena Solanum melongena	Species	✔️	Fruit, Leaves			Full sun			8-11
Solidago odora Solidago odora	Species	✔️	Leaves, Seed			Full sun, Partial sun/shade			3-7	Dye, Essential Oil, Fragrance
Spearmint Mentha spicata	Species	✔️	Leaves			Full sun, Partial sun/shade			3-9	Essential Oil, Strewing, Fragrance
Spotted Cranesbill Geranium maculatum	Species			Medium		Full sun			3-10	Dye, Tannin, Ground cover
Strawberry Fragaria	Species	✔️	Fruit			Full sun, Partial sun/shade			4-8	Ground cover
Sweet Woodruff Galium odoratum	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves	Medium		Partial sun/shade, Full shade			5-9	Dye, Fragrance, Strewing, Ground cover
Sweet cherry Prunus avium	Species	✔️	Fruit, Seed	Fast	Trees	Full sun, Partial sun/shade			3-7	Dye, Gum, Tannin, Lumber, Espalier
Thyme Thymus vulgaris	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Shoots	Medium	Herbs	Full sun			5-11	Deodorant, Disinfectant, Essential Oil, antifungal, Fragrance, Dynamic accumulator, Ground cover
Tomatillo Physalis ixocarpa	Species	✔️	Fruit			Full sun, Partial sun/shade			7-10
Trifolium pratense Trifolium pratense	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves, Root, Seed	Medium	Herbs	Full sun			5-9	Dye, Cover crop, Soil reclamation, Dynamic accumulator, Nitrogen fixer
Vaccinium macrocarpon Vaccinium macrocarpon	Species	✔️	Fruit	Medium	Shrubs	Full sun, Partial sun/shade				Ground cover
Viola biflora Viola biflora	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves			Partial sun/shade				Fragrance
Western Dog Violet Viola adunca	Species	✔️	Flowers, Leaves			Full sun, Partial sun/shade			4-8	Dye